computer History

History of computer networks stems from the birth of the concept of computer networks in the 1940s in the United States that was initiated by a computer development project MODEL I at the Bell labs and research group led by Harvard University professor Howard Aiken.

At first, the project is only wanted to use a computer device that must be shared. To do some processing without wasting lots of free time made the process of succession (Batch Processing), so that multiple programs can be run on a computer with the rules of the queue.

Then in the 1950s when the types of computers began to grow until the creation of a super computer, a computer should serve a few places available (terminal), for it is found the concept of time-based distribution process known as TSS (Time Sharing System).

So for the first time form a network (network) computer applied. In the TSS system several terminals connected in series to a computer or other device connected to a network (host) computer.

In the process of TSS is starting to look a blend of computer technology and telecommunications technology that was originally developed in own-sendiri.Departemen Defense, U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) decided to conduct research that aims to connect several computers so as to form an organic network in 1969.

This research program known as ARPANET.Pada 1970, already more than 10 computers are successfully connected to each other so that they can communicate with each other and form a network. And in 1970 it was also after the work load increases and the price of a large computer devices starting to feel very expensive, then start to use the concept of the distribution process (Distributed Processing) .In this process multiple host computers doing a great job in parallel to serve multiple terminals connected in series in each host computer.

In the process of distribution has been absolutely necessary blend of deep between computer technology and telecommunications, since in addition to the process that must be distributed, all host computers must serve terminals within a single command from the central computer.



 In 1972, Roy Tomlinson managed to complete an electronic mail program (email) he made a year ago to ARPANET.Program is so easy to use, it immediately became populer.Pada the same year ie 1972, the icons at (@) was also introduced as an important symbol that shows the "at" or "on" .Tahun 1973, ARPANET computer network was developed extends beyond the United Serikat.Komputer University College in London is the first computer that is outside the United States who are members of ARPAnet network. In the same year, namely 1973, two computer experts that Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn presented a larger idea, which became the forerunner of thought International Network (Internet) The idea was presented for the first time at the University of Sussex. [5] The next historic day is dated March 26, 1976, when the Queen of England succeeded in sending electronic mail from the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment in Malvern.

A year later, already more than 100 computers on ARPANET joined to form a network or network.



Tom Truscott, Jim Ellis and Steve Bellovin, creating the first-named newsgroups USENET (User Network) in 1979.Tahun 1981, France Telecom creates something new with the launch of the first television phone, where people can call each other which is also associated with video link.

Along with the increase of computers that form a network, it takes a formal protocol that can be recognized and accepted by all networks.

To that end, in 1982 established a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or better known as Internet Protocol (IP) that we know up to now ini.Sementara, in Europe appears a similar network known as Europe Network (Eunet) covering the Netherlands, Britain, Denmark, and this Eunet Swedia.Jaringan provide electronic mail and USENET newsgroups.

To homogenize the address on existing computer networks, then in 1984 the Domain Name System or domain name system, which is now known by DNS. A computer connected to the existing network has more than 1000 computers. In 1987, the number of computers connected to the network soared 10-fold to 10,000 more.

Computer networking continues to grow in 1988, nationality Finnish Jarkko Oikarinen a finding as well as introducing Internet Relay Chat, or better known as the IRC that allows two or more computer users can interact directly with messaging (chat). As a result, year to